高考写作专题--2015书面表达分析.ppt
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1、高考书面表达分析,李鸿录,书 面 表 达(满分25分) 题型设计: 旨在测试考生根据所给图画、表格,提纲等信息,综合运用所学知识完成写作任务的能力。它要求考生具备扎实的语言功底,较强的逻辑思维能力和语言表达能力。,从所选题材内容看: 一、贴近学生的学习和生活实际的材料; 二、贴近社会的变化、发展和进步的话题。这样有利于让学生有言可发、有话可写,体现了高考英语书面表达的命题原则:合理性、交际性、实用性。,从题型来看,英语书面表达可以归纳为四类: 观点论证型:试题通过文字或图表表明一种观点,要求考生论证这一观点,举出实例,并表明态度; 现象解释型:试题通过文字或图表展示一种现象,要求说明这种现象产
2、生的原因,提出解决方案; 问题解决型:试题通过文字或图表反映一个问题,要求考生阐述问题的原因、危害,并提出解决方案; 对比选择型:试题通过对比方式提出两种观点,要求考生论证各自的合理性和不足之处,并表明自己的态度。,一写作步骤,英语书面表达可分:写前准备阶段和写作修改阶段。基本解题步骤有: 1、仔细审题,做到三个“确定”,(1)、确定体裁 不同的题目、不同的内容,在写作时要用不同的体裁 。所以,体裁依题目要求而定、依具体内容而定。,不同的体裁有不同的写作要求和格式,高考书面表达的日记、书信、通知等都有一定的格式,其开头、结尾、称呼都有具体要求,不可随意。,(2).确定时态和人称 通常记叙发生过
3、的事情,多用一般过去式;描述现在的情况用一般现在时;通知等文体用一般将来时。 一般来说,一篇书面表达中一般只有一个中心人称,这个中心人称贯穿文章的始终,保持全文逻辑关系的一致。,(3)、明确要求,确定要点,列出提纲 通过对题目的分析找出中心,并按要求确定要点,然后列出提纲,注意要点是否齐全。高考书面表达一般有5至8个要点,2.根据提纲要点组词造句 逐个列出要点,组词造句成文。要内容连贯,结构紧凑;保持前后句与句之间的连贯,这就需要选择恰当关联词、句型和模板。,3.修改。 一篇好作文不可能一次就能写成,还需要进行修改,查漏补缺。如大小写是否有错误、单词的拼写和漏写、名词的单复数、习惯用语的搭配、
4、时态和语态的一致、标点符号的应用等,更要注意要点是否齐全、表述是否准确。,4.成文。 认真誉写,力争卷面整洁,字体漂亮,做到内容和形式的完美结合。使老 师阅卷时眼前一亮,获得美好的第一印 象,以争取高分。,拼写及书写,二写作技巧,1.要写好开头 人常言:良好的开头是成功的一半。篇首段必须对题目中的信息进行提炼和描述,以引出主题句。,2.首段常用句型 Recently (Currently, Nowadays, At present) there is a widespread (general, common,) concern (belief,view,acceptance) that It
5、 is reported by a(n)recent (new, official) research (survey, study) that 3.It goes without saying that ,It has been demonstrated that Nothing is more important than the fact that What calls for special attention is that It can be seen from the diagram/graph/picture that The above graphs shows that ,
6、写好文章的结尾。结尾的作用在于概括全文,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意义表达地更加深刻、明确。,1.From what has been discussed above we safely draw the conclusion that 2.If ,the efforts will be worthwhile/rewarded 3.We can safely say that 4.As far as I am concerned, 5.In my opinion, 6.Personally I am in favor of,写好中间部分,关键要说明事情、讲明道理阐明观点、辨明是非、
7、表明态度。所占篇幅最多,为使语句前后连贯、增强表达效果,可采用一些复合句和关联词。 (1) 常用的关联词有: 表示次序 first; second; next; at last; finally; afterwards; last; to begin with; since then; previously following this; eventually; first of all;,表示因果: because of this; due to; for the reason that; in view of; since; so that;the reason seems to be o
8、bvious; thus;under these conditions; accordingly 表示转折:unless; even so; however; even though; in spite of that; and yet; regardless of; but,表示比较:in comparison with;similarly; compared with; rather than; bothand; in the same way; like 表示对照:neither nor;as opposed to; in contrast to 表示并列:as well as; and
9、; also; too; both and ;either ,or ,表示顺接:furthermore; in this way; not only but also ; in addition to; as far as is conce-rned; in other words; accordingly; 表示举例:for example; according to; for instance; in this case; as for; as you know; such as; in this situation; 表示强调: especially; particularly; wha
10、t is more important; in any event; it is sure that ; of course; obviously,实战练习,假如你是新华中学的学生李华,你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件,询问你寒假里的打算,但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件: 1. 未及时回信的原因; 2. 你假期的打算(如做兼职、补习、旅行、做志愿者等,请列举至少两点) 注意:1. 词数:100词左右; 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 3. 书信格式与开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。,Dear Tom: How are you doing?You asked
11、 me in your last letter_ Yours sincerely li hua.,步骤一 三定一列(定体裁,定时态和人称) 步骤二 要点,组词造句 Summer vacation,without delay As soon as,prepare for,busy plan Part time job,volunteer,步骤三,经典套路 第一段:问候+写作背景+写信目的 第二段:“道歉”部分(相当于写作背景) 第三段:假期安排 第四段:补充说明+客套话,步骤四 关联词 However,as a result ,firstly, Additionally,last but not
12、 least,Dear Tom, How are you doing?(问候) You asked me in your last letter about my plan for the coming summer vacation.(写信背景) I am sorry that I didnt reply without delay.(写信目的) How I wish I could read and reply your email as soon as I received it. However, I was busy preparing for my final exam at th
13、at time, which is vital for me. As a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study. I believe that if you were me, you would make the same choice.(第二段为道歉信常用套路),By the way, I have a busy schedule for my summer vacation.(主题句) First and foremost, I would do a part- time job, so that my in
14、terpersonal skills would be improved.(拓展1) Additionally, I will take a short trip to Beijing to take a summer course in the New Oriental School.(拓展2) Last but not least, maybe I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.(拓展三) These are my plan for the summer vacation. Whats you
15、rs? I am looking forward to your earliest reply.(以合理的客套话结尾),三学会使用较高级的词汇,Which is better?,1 周末我们会有很多作业要做.,A We have endless homework to do at the weekend. B We have a lot of homework to do at the weekend .,2 在我所有的老师里,毛老师给我留下了很深的印象.,A Of all my teachers, I still remember Mr Moore. B Of all my teachers
16、, Mr Moore gave me the deepest impression.,3 高级培训班结束后回到家,他的妻子感到精疲力尽。 A. His wife came back home after the advanced training class, feeling very tired. B. His wife came back home after the advanced training class, feeling very exhausted.,4. 他没听我课上讲的东西。 A He turned a deaf ear to what I said in the cla
17、ss. B He didnt listen to what I said in the class.,使用多种句子结构,If she is compared with other teachers , we find she pays more attention to her way of teaching.(状语),Compared with other teachers , she pays more attention to his way of teaching.,2 You should keep silent at the meeting unless you are invit



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- 高考 写作 专题 2015 书面 表达 分析
