博士考试语法及作文技巧5.docx

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1、2000-2003年考题分析四、科技环保类 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming 保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance 保持水土 preserve soil and water 保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants 保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland 采用环保技术 adopt envir

2、onmental protection technique 采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods 参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city 参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities 产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects 崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life 创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological enviro

3、nment 促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city 发展太阳能 develop solar energy 防治污染 prevent and control pollution 非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest 改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment (ecological environment) 关闭化工厂 close chemical plants 加大污染治理力度 strengthen polluti

4、on control 加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city 加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection 加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction 加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil 坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area” 减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles 减少浪费 reduce w

5、aste 揭开人类生命的奥秘 decode the secret of human life 进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans 禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open 开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals 开展绿色活动 advocate green activities 扩建管道网络 expand the pipe network 普及环保知识 populariz

6、e environmental protection knowledge 窃取密码 snatch password 窃取知识产权 lift intellectual property 实行严格的机动车排放标准 implement strict vehicle emission standards 使电脑死机 crash computers 使用再生纸 use recycle paper 探索的奥秘 probe the mysteries of 淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers 提高环境管理水平 raise the envir

7、onmental management level 提高居民的环保和生态意识 improve residents environmental and ecological awareness 提高清洁能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy resources 投放电脑病毒 unleash viruses 完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals

8、and plants 为人类提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings 享受国家一级保护 enjoy first-class protection of the State 削减污物排放 decrease the disposal of pollutants 抑制传染病的传播 strain the spread of infectious diseases 引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems 预防爱滋病蔓延 prevent the widespread of AIDS 增强环境意识 enhance th

9、e awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection 战胜非典 defeat SARS 治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 注重节约资源 attach importance to saving resources 五、人口类 不服从父母 disobey their parents 倡导人力资源管理 advocate the management of human resources 调查性和婚

10、姻状况 conduct a survey on sex and marriage 对子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children 反映人们的私生活 reflect peoples private lives 鼓励创建文明家庭 encourage the idea of “Civilized Families” 过孤独的生活 lead an isolated life 坚持计划生育的基本国策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning 进行全国人口普查 carry out national popul

11、ation census 禁止他人作克隆人的实验 inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments 开辟人类历史新纪元 start a new chapter in the history of human 控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth) 实现向低出生、低死亡、低 bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction 自然增长的现代人口再生 pattern characterized by a low bi

12、rth rate, low death rate and 产类型的转变 low natural growth rate 损害人类社会的道德观 damage the morality of human society 缩小代沟 narrow the gap 提倡晚婚晚育 encourage late marriage and late childbirth 提出离婚 ask for a divorce 提高人口素质 improve the population quality 维护和促进人民的生存权 safeguard and promote the peoples rights to subs

13、istence and 和发展权 development 维护*和不断改善*状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation 享受优越的生活条件 enjoy good living condition 显示明显的差异 display a marked difference 优化人口结构 optimize the population structure 优生优育 bear and rear better children 占总人口的10% account for 10% of the total

14、population 造成不同的思想和观念 result in a different ideology and concepts 造福人类和科学 benefit mankind and science 正确处理经济发展同人口、 correctly handle the relationship of economic development 资源、环境的关系 versus (with) population，natural resources and environment 征求父母的意见 ask for her parents opinion 挣零花钱 earn their pocket

15、money 重视人口老年化问题 pay attention to the problem of an aging population 逐渐削弱长辈的权威 undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障* respect and guarantee human rights 六、体育类 避开与比赛 avoid playing against 标志一个历史时刻 mark a historic time 表现完美 give some very good performance 剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of so

16、mebody 采取新的计分方法 adopt a new scoring system 参加火炬接力 participate in the torch-relay 参加热身赛 take part in a key warm-up game 参加申办活动 participate in the bidding campaign 超过世界记录 surpass the world record 成为国家的骄傲 become the pride of the nation 创新世界纪录 set a new world record 达到国际体育标准 reach the standard for inter

17、national games 打败比利时队 defeat Belgium 打破恶性循环 break the wretched cycle 打破世界纪录 beat (break, cut) the world record (for ) 担任中国国家队主教练 serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team 夺冠 take the crown 反对使用兴奋剂 oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs 符合举办奥运会的要求 meet the requirements of hosting th

18、e Olympic Games 更具进攻性 become more aggressive 鼓舞队员的士气 boost the morale of the team members 获得认可 gain recognition 获得团体冠军 win the team title 激发中国青年的雄心壮志 fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths 急于获胜 gain an eagerness to win 建立职业联赛和俱乐部 set up a professional league and clubs 角逐世界杯 compete for the World Cup 满

19、意抽签结果 satisfy with the draw 面对强手 face strong rivals 鸣笛终止比赛 blow a whistle to stop the end of the match 配备各种设施 furnish and equip with all facilities 取得经验 gain experience 取得世界杯决赛资格 qualify for the World Cup finals 确保中国进入决赛 ensure Chinas appearance in the final 申奥 bid (apply) for being the host country

20、 of the Olympics 失去男子单打冠军 miss out on mens singles gold 实现零的突破 fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough 使其他选手相形见绌 dwarf other athletes 使生命焕发活力 wake up ones life 使中国以32取胜 give the Chinese a 3-2 victory 提出比赛建议 make comments on the contests 提高中国队的水平 raise the level of the Chinese team 挑选选

21、手 choose players 同教练反应一致 share the same reaction with their coach 为奥林匹克运动做出贡献 make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace 卫冕世界冠军 regain world champion 吸引中国大学生优秀选手 attract Chinas top university players 向世界顶级球队学习 learn from the worlds top teams 与对手较量 take on an opponent 与强队竞争 compete wi

22、th strong teams 增进友谊 strengthen friendship 展示技能 demonstrate their skills 展示中国足球的最新发展 demonstrate (show) the latest development of Chinas soccer 支持北京申办2008年奥运会 support Beijings bid for the 2008 Olympic Games 主办奥运会 host the Olympic Games 主办中国大学生篮球联赛 sponsor the China University Basketball Association league 抓住练习和学习的机会 grasp the chance to practise and learn