博士考试语法及作文技巧4.docx

《博士考试语法及作文技巧4.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《博士考试语法及作文技巧4.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在一课资料网上搜索。

1、2000-2003年考题分析英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、政治类： 把捐给慈善机构 donate to charities 把看成社会公敌 look upon as a threat to society 把列为基本国策 list.as fundamental national policies 把作为指导 take as the guide 把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness 保护妇女权利不受侵

2、犯 guarantee (protect) womens rights against infringement 采取各种措施 adopt various measures 参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 打破僵局 break the deadlock 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone 得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 锻造一支人

3、民军队 forge a peoples army 对具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on 对做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism 反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner 给带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunitie

4、s and challenges to 根除 (防止,消除)* root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption 观察当今世界 observe the present-day world 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle 加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform 加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 坚持改革开放政策 adhere

5、to the reform and open policy 坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences 减轻农民负担 alleviate farmers burden 解放思想 emancipate our minds 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing 解决新问题 resolve new problems 进入世界先进行列 edge into the ad

6、vanced ranks in the world 进入新时期 enter a new period 进行和谈 hold peace talks 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment 就接受妥协 accept a compromise on 开发西部 remake the west 开始生效 go into effect (enter into force) 开拓前进 open up new ways forward 科教兴国 rejuvenate our country through science and education 理顺关系 rationali

7、ze the relationship 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations 迈出重要的一步 make an important step 热爱和平 love peace 深化改革 deepen the reform 审时度势 size up the situation 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity 实现民族独立 realize national independence 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes 实现小康目标 a

8、chieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 实行新政策 practice new policies 受到全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide 缩小差别 bridge (narrow) the gap 完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation 维护世界和平

9、maintain world peace 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给 delegate the management of . (to .) 响应号召 respond to the call 修改法律 amend the laws 宣布召开 announce the opening of 徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 依法治国 govern the country according to law 引起全国的

10、关注 arouse the concern of the whole nation 引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another 在中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in 增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power 增强综合国力和国际竞争 enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international co

11、mpetitiveness 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey 展现生机和活力 display ones vigor and vitality 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties 振兴西部 revive the west 振兴中华民族 rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation 政企不分 mix up the functions of the government and enterprises 政企分开 separate government functions from enterpris

12、e management 政务公开 make government affairs public 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity 转变政府职能 transform (shift) the government functions 追求进步 pursue progress 追求真理 seek the truth 走进新时代 march (stride) into the new era. 遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant cod

13、e of conduct and the law and honestly perform ones official duties 遵循规则 follow the principles 二、经济类 爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of

14、laid-off workers 被指控接受贿赂 be accused of accepting bribes 采取不同的办法 adopt various methods 采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures 承担风险 bear (take) risk 筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds) 创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency) 刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand 从粗放经济转变为

15、集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and 经验 management expertise 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation 促进改革 promote reform 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering 打

16、假 take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods) 打破垄断 break the monopoly 对提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against 对造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market 发挥自身优势 give full play to ones advantages 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce

17、financial risks 改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment 赶超先进 surpass the advanced 给带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation 公证财产 notarize the properties 和达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with 和进一步合作 further cooperation with 和有合作关系 have cooperat

18、ive ties with 活跃市场 enliven the market 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level 加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition 加快努力 speed up efforts 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks 加强管理 re

19、inforce the management 减缓通货紧缩的压力 ease the seriousness of deflation 减轻的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on) 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 剪彩 cut the ribbon 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity) 精简机构 streamline go

20、vernment organs 竟争上岗 compete for the post 举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities 开辟更多渠道 open more channels 开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market 开拓市场 exploit markets 控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control) 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor 扩大消费市场 expand consumpti

21、on market 留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits 平衡经济(的发展) balance economy 取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings) 让处于同一起跑线 put on the same platform and at the same starting point 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need fo

22、r competition 申请专利 apply for a patent 实现目标 realize the goal 适应的发展 adapt oneself to the development of 损失惨重 suffer great losses 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance 缩小间的距离 narrow the gap between 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants 提高管理水平 raise the management level 提高居民生活 improve residents standard

23、 of living 调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements) 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity 完善服务 perfect services 为带来多种经济和社

24、会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to 为提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities 吸收游资 absorb idle fund 吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment 下海 plunge into the commercial sea 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble 向投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products 以经济建设为中

25、心 focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for 与国际市场接轨 int

26、egrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 在建立分公司 set up branches in 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on 造成损失 cause a loss to 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture 占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas

27、) 制订法律 make a law of 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy 制造假象 create smoke screens to do 阻碍的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失 stop the talent flight (brain drain) 遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy 三、文化生活类把列为世界自然文化遗产 list as a world natural heritage site 摆架子(摆谱儿) put on air

28、s (show off, keep up appearances) 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics) 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries 不注重历史 neglect history 采取保护态度 take protective attitude 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the

29、 past and usher in the future 充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals 和创造性触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law 创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new)

30、 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally 促进交流 promote the communication 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding 得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root su

31、pport 抵住的诱惑 resist the temptation of 对持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to 对情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to 发挥的聪明才智 develop ones own talents and wisdom 发挥潜力 tap ones potential 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture

32、 of China 放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off ones high horse, throw off ones airs) 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison ones mind 改进教学 improve teaching and learning 给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 和持相同观点 share views similar to 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars 激发旅游热情 stimulate enthusiasm for traveling 继承历史文化优秀传统

33、 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments 讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions) 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people 经受住暴风雨的考验 weather

34、 the storm 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care 净化因特网 purify the Net 举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition) 举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy 开发潜力 exploit ones potential 开阔视野 widen ones vision (horizon) 开设课程 offer courses 开展对外文化交流 con

35、duct cultural exchange with other countries 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture 攀登事业的高峰 climb ones career ladder 评估学业成绩 evaluate academic scores (achievements) 破除迷信 eradicate superstition 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technol

36、ogical knowledge, spread 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit 启发学生 enlighten the students 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy 上网 get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet 实施以德育为核心、以创新 carry on the quality education centering on mora

37、l education 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice 素质教育使英语达到更高水平 push ones English to a higher level 受到的关注 receive attention from 疏导游客 divert tourists 疏通关系 lubricate relationships 树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card 陶冶情操 cultivate ones

38、taste (temperament) 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life) 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs 提高知名度 raise ones prestige 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations 透过现

39、象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization 挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sbs feet) 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress 相互促进 help eac

40、h other forward 向世界展示中国文化建设 introduce Chinas achievements of cultural advancement to 的成就 the world 向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students 消除误解 clear up misunderstanding 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice 的社会风尚以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new ce

41、ntury with a brand-new colorful look 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment 影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of

42、 all countries 增强自我保护意识 strengthen ones awareness of protecting ones right 找工作 hunt for a job 值得重视(关注) deserve ones attention 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software 重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education 重视实用性 place stress on practicality 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people