【个人手工制作】中学生VOA英语阅读之封闭式房屋可降低能源消耗.docx

《【个人手工制作】中学生VOA英语阅读之封闭式房屋可降低能源消耗.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【个人手工制作】中学生VOA英语阅读之封闭式房屋可降低能源消耗.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在一课资料网上搜索。

1、中学生VOA英语阅读之封闭式房屋可降低能源消耗Airtight Houses Lower Energy CostsWe may not be aware of it, but ordinary family homes in the U.S. and, indeed, the rest of the world are not energy-efficient.我们可能还没有意识到，但是美国的普通家庭以及世界其它地区的家庭的确没能够有效利用能源。Most of their energy goes to heating and cooling, and a lot of it is wasted

2、,as warm and cool air escape through fireplace chimneys and thin and poorly fitting windows and doors,and because of inadequate insulation.他们的能源大多应用在了供热制冷上面，大部分都浪费掉了，热气和冷气从壁炉的烟囱、薄窗或有缝儿的窗户和门冒出，由于隔离装置欠缺。A passive house loses almost none.被动式节能屋不会浪费掉任何能源。“Imagine a thermos, you have insulation everywher

3、e, and its basically completely sealed.And so the idea is to build a house not unlike a thermos so,the windows are sealed and triple-glazed, theres insulation completely surrounding the building, we make it as airtight as possible.”“想象一个热水瓶，四处都是隔离的，处于完全密封状态。因此，这个理念就是要建造一个与热水瓶一样的房子，窗户是密封的，并且非常光滑，隔离装置

4、四面围绕着整个建筑，我们要尽可能地将其密封。”This 147-square-meter (1,580-square-foot) passive house, recently presented as a demonstration unitjust outside Washington D.C., was prefabricated and brought to the site in two boxes.近期展现了一个147平方米（1580平方英尺）的被动式节能屋，作为华盛顿外的示范装置，我们预先制造了构件，并用两个箱子将其带到指定地点。“Once its set and put tog

5、ether, it takes roughly three or four weeks to go ahead and finish the areas of drywall that werent done,to put down carpeting if its not in the room, to put in final touches,but honestly if everything is set in place, you could put a house together like this in about three to four months.”“一旦搞定，并装在

6、了一起，我们大约需要花费3到4周的时间来完成干式墙区域的工作，如果不在房间里面，那还需要摆好地毯，并做最后的修整，但老实说，如果一切就绪，房屋会在3-4个月建好。”The total cost of building it was $325,000, or about 17 percent more than constructing an ordinary house.But its estimated utility bill is only around $20 monthly, or ten times less than for an average house of the sam

7、e size.房屋总开销325000美金，或者说是普通房屋造价的1.17倍。然而，据估计，该房屋每月账单大概只需20美元，或者说比同样大小的普通房屋开销少十倍。While passive houses have been around for a long time, the idea never take root in the U.S.然而当被动式房屋已经遍布各地的时候，其理念仍然还没有在美国树立。“There was no driving force to push it, I think climate change is now becoming a larger issue.And

8、 I think building codes are catching on the that.So everything is, people are becoming more conscious of energy.”“这是因为没有驱动力推动它，我认为，当今气候变化是一个很大的问题。我认为房屋建筑规范必须认识到这个问题。因此，人们越来越意识到了能源问题。”Architect David Peabody said the cost of building passive houses could come down.建筑师大卫皮博迪称，建造被动式节能房屋的成本是可以降低的。“What r

9、eally makes sense for truly affordable housing, is to do duplexes and fourplexes.Because then youve got that bigger volume, you got less exterior walls, and those exterior costs come way down.”“经济适用房的真正起作用的是那些占两层楼或四层楼的公寓套房。因为，一旦体积变大，所需建造的外墙就会变少，于是那些外部成本就会下降。”This house will soon be offered to low an

10、d medium-income buyers.被动式节能屋将在不久后服务于那些中低层收入者。单词及例句详解1 aware w意识到的；知道的；觉察到的；例句1.Advertising aims to make peopleawareof a product and favourably inclined towards it.广告的目的是让人认识产品然后产生好感。2.He made believe not to beawareof my presence.他假装不知道我在那里。3.I am quiteawareof that.我完全知道这事。2 ordinary :dinri普通的，平常的，正

11、常的；规定的，照常的，平凡的，拙劣的；平庸的，平淡的；法直辖的；例句1.A poet is one who can convertordinarywords into a meaningful and effective piece of writing.诗人是能够用普通的文字写出寓意深刻、感人至深的作品的人。2.At that time they could not produceordinarygarments, not to speak of high-grade ones.那时他们连普通衣服都不能生产，更不要说高级的了。3.Anordinarysubway train, approac

12、hing the station, can be twice as loud as the loudest jet.平常的地下火车接近车站时，发出的声音可能是最大声的喷射机的两倍。3 indeed indi:d的确，确实，实在；实际上，真正地；真的，真是；甚至；例句1.Are you pleased at our success?Yes,indeed.”“你对我们的成功感到欣慰吗？”“是的，确实感到欣慰。”2.Indeedhe has a solemn face, but he is very humorous at heart.他的确有一副严肃的脸孔，但内心却是很富幽默感。3.I was a

13、nnoyed,indeedfurious, over what happened.出了这件事我很不痛快,实际上是愤怒至极。4 efficient ifint有效率的；（直接）生效的；能干的；（因省钱、省时或省力等而）收效大的；例句1.A quietlyefficientmanservant brought them coffee and brandy.一个不起眼而能干的男仆给他们端来了咖啡和白兰地。5 escape iskeip逃脱；（气体，液体等）漏出；（未受伤或只受了一点伤害而）逃脱；声音（不自觉地）由发出；例句1.A fox breaks wind in order toescapefr

14、om hunting dogs.狐狸放屁以逃避猎狗。6 fireplace faples壁炉；例句1.But for the fireplace, not anything can tell us the past of this building.除了壁炉(fireplace)之外，没有东西能说明这座大楼过去的样子。2.She was standing too close to thefireplaceand her dress caught fire.她站得离壁炉太近了,衣服烧着了。3.Books and afireplacelent a feeling of warmth to the

15、room.书和房内的火炉给人一种温暖的感觉7 chimneys timniz烟囱（ chimney的名词复数 ）；烟筒；（岩石间可供攀登的）狭孔；狭缝；例句1.I like the general style of the building, but the chimneys are out of proportiontheyre too big.我喜欢这栋房子的总构型，可是烟囱太大，不成比例。8 inadequate ndkwt不充足的；不适当的；不足胜任的；信心不足的；例句1.His boss is telling him that his work is inadequate.他的老板告

16、诉他，他的工作量不够。2.Considering the losses in the disaster area, our support was an utterlyinadequatemeasure.比起灾区的损失，我们的支援不过杯水车薪。3.Inadequatefood can stunt a childs development.食物不足能影响儿童的发育。9 insulation nslen, nsj-隔离，孤立；绝缘；绝缘或隔热的材料；隔声；例句1.Foam rubber provides good insulation.泡沫橡胶隔绝性能良好。10 passive psiv被动的；消

17、极的；不抵抗的；冷漠的；例句1.He has apassivedisposition.他个性消极。2.A program in execution, a process is an active entity, which can cause things to occur, as opposed to a program, which is apassiveentity.一种正在执行中的程序，是一种活着的实体，能引起事件的发生; 而程序是被动的，处于静止状态。3.Passivecharacter, attitude, quality, or behavior.消极主义消极被动的性格、态度、品

18、质或行为11 thermos :ms热水瓶，保温瓶。来自于德国品牌膳魔师保温瓶商标“Thermos”；例句1.I was alone, packing a rifle, a thermos of coffee and three thick sandwiches.我独自一个人, 带着一杆枪 、 一暖瓶咖啡和3块厚厚的三明治.12 basically beisikli主要地；从根本上说；基本，基本上；总的说来；例句1.Basically I agree with your plan.我基本上同意你的计划。13 sealed si:ld未知的，密封的；例句1.Heat-sealed: easily

19、 heat-sealed, can be sealed by the high-frequency equipment.可封性：易于热封，而且可使用高频封设备进行包装生产。2.The jar must be wellsealed.这个罐子得封严实了。3.Id like to tell you what I know but my lips aresealed.我何尝不想把我知道的都告诉你，只是有口难言。14 unlike nlaik（表示属性）与不同；不像；例句1.Itsunlikehim to be late; hes usually on time.他不是会迟到的那种人，他通常很准时。2.

20、He managed to finish the race,unlikemore than half of the competitors.他在比赛中坚持跑完了全程，不像大部分选手那样半途而废。3.Unlikehis brother, he has a good sense of humor.和他兄弟不同，他有种幽默感。15triple英 trpl 美 trpl adj.三倍的，三方的，三部分的vt.& vi.（使）增至三倍n.三倍的数量; 三个一组; 棒三垒安打变形过去式：tripled过去分词：tripled现在分词：tripling第三人称单数：triples例句1.In 1882 Ge

21、rmany, Austria, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance.1882年，德国、奥地利和意大利组成了三国同盟。2.The merger puts the firm in a position to triple its earnings.合并可使公司利润增长两倍。3.The mine reportedly had an accident rate triple the national average.据报道，该矿事故发生率是全国平均水平的3倍。16glaze英 glez 美 lez vt.装玻璃; 上釉于; 上光vi.（目光）变得呆滞无神; 变得光

22、滑n.上釉的表面; 釉料; 光滑面; （浇在糕点上增加光泽的）蛋浆变形复数：glazes过去式：glazed过去分词：glazed现在分词：glazing第三人称单数：glazes例句1.The company is now offering to double-glaze the windows for 3,900.该公司现在报价3,900英镑安装双层玻璃窗。2.Brush the glaze over the top and sides of the hot cake.在热蛋糕的顶上和周围刷上一层蛋浆。3.A lot of peoples eyes glaze over if you sa

23、y you are a feminist.如果你说你是女权主义者，好多人都会愣住。17surround英 srand 美 srand vt.包围，围绕n.（物品的）边; 外围物变形复数：surrounds过去式：surrounded过去分词：surrounded现在分词：surrounding第三人称单数：surrounds例句1.Tall trees surround the lake.环湖都是大树。2.A myriad of stars surround the moon.众星拱月.3.He likes to surround himself with amusing people.他喜欢

24、让自己身边拥着有趣的人们.18 airtight etat不透气的；密封的； and lt;主美口 and gt;（防守等）严密的；无懈可击的；例句1.Domestic refuse collection facilities shall be rehabilitated to realize airtight and transportationclearance of the waste.建设和完善城市地区生活垃圾收容设施，做到密闭清运，日产日清。2.Anairtightexcuse.无懈可击的借口19 square skw正方形；广场；平方；方格；例句1.A carpet six met

25、ressquarehas an area of 36squaremetres.一块6米见方的地毯面积是36平方米。2.Lets call it allsquare, shall we?咱们谁也不欠谁的了，对吧？3.Can I leave you tosquareup with the waiter?我把跟服务员结帐的事交给你办行吗？20 demonstration demnstren证明，论证；实物示教，示范；示威游行；表示；例句1.Student ability the way of the demonstration main have classroom demonstration, d

26、emonstration outside the lesson.学生能力展示的主要有课堂展示，课外展示。2.Thisdemonstrationwas a symptom of discontent among the students.这次示威表明学生中有不满情绪。3.Thedemonstrationpassed off without incident.游行自始至终未发生意外。21unit英 ju:nt 美 junt n.单位，单元; 装置; 个体; 数单位数变形复数：units例句1.The units exports will total $85 million this year.该部

27、门今年的出口总额将达8,500万美元。2.Their unit was shelling the German lines only seven miles away.他们的部队在炮轰仅有7英里之遥的德军防线。3.From the smallest to the largest production unit, no one escaped notice.从最小的到最大的生产单位，全都在监控之下。22prefabricate英 pri:fbrket 美 prifbrket vt.预制变形过去式：prefabricated过去分词：prefabricated现在分词：prefabricating

28、第三人称单数：prefabricates例句1.Easily installed, no need basis etc. prefabricate assembly.压缩机的安装简便, 无需基础等预制装配.23rough英 rf 美 rf adj.粗糙的，崎岖不平的; 粗鲁的; 狂暴的，汹涌的; 未经加工的vt.粗暴地对待; 使粗糙; 草拟n.粗糙的部分; 艰难，苦难; （高尔夫球场的）深草区adv.粗暴地vi.举止粗野变形过去式：roughed过去分词：roughed现在分词：roughing第三人称单数：roughs比较级：rougher最高级：roughest例句1.The compan

29、y I work for went through a rough patch.我所在的公司经历了一段困难时期。2.She passed the needle through the rough cloth, back and forth.她一针一针地缝那块粗布。3.A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.一艘捕鱼船和一艘货船在波涛汹涌的海上相撞了。24 drywall draw:l干式墙；例句1.While our roof was damaged and the rain permeated the drywall

30、inside, we were unharmed.当屋顶被破坏,雨水浸入到干的墙的时候, 我们没有受到任何伤害.25carpet英 k:pt 美 k:rpt n.地毯，桌毯; 毛毯，绒毯; 地毯状覆盖物; （装在飞机上的）雷达电子干扰仪vt.在上铺地毯; 把地毯铺在上; 斥责变形复数：carpets过去式：carpeted过去分词：carpeted现在分词：carpeting第三人称单数：carpets例句1.The carpet was a wedding present from the Prime Minister.这张地毯是首相送的结婚礼物。2.It is not possible t

31、o reposition the carpet without damaging it.想要挪动地毯又不让它损坏是不可能的。3.While the water was heating she decided to shake out the carpet.趁着烧水的时候，她决定将地毯抖抖干净。26construct英 knstrkt 美 knstrkt vt.修建，建造; 构成; 创立; 数作图n.结构（物）; 构想; 概念变形复数：constructs过去式：constructed过去分词：constructed现在分词：constructing第三人称单数：constructs例句1.An

32、y attempt to construct an ideal society is foredoomed to failure.任何构建理想社会的努力都注定要失败。2.It is proverbially easier to destroy than to construct.谁都知道破坏容易建设难.3.How many man - days will be needed to construct this irrigation canal?修这条渠道要多少人工?27estimate英 estmt 美 stmet n.估计，预测; 报价，预算书; 评价，判断vt.估计，估算; 评价，评论;

33、估量，估价变形复数：estimates过去式：estimated过去分词：estimated现在分词：estimating第三人称单数：estimates例句1.Its own estimate of three hundred tallies with that of another survey.其估计数目300与另一项调查的结果相吻合。2.A conservative estimate of the bill, so far, is about 22,000.到目前为止，这笔账单保守估计大约为2.2万英镑。3.At least one estimate puts the total ta

34、b at $7 million.至少有一个估价把总数定在了700万美元。28 conscious kns有意识的，神志清醒的；自觉的，有意的；（痛苦，感情，冷气等）感觉得到的；同“self-conscious“；例句1.A healthy man is notconsciousof his breathing.一个健康的人是不会意识到自己的呼吸的。29 affordable f:dbl付得起的；例句1.He Ling: Our price is affordable to enterprises, or affordable.何玲：我们的价格就是让企业买得起，或者用得起。30 architect :ktekt建筑师，设计师；创造者，缔造者；造物主；例句1.As a client you blame the architect and as the architect, they blame you.作为一个客户，您责怪建筑师，作为建筑师，他们怪你。2.The author of the guidebook is anarchitectby profession.该旅行指南的作者任职建筑师。3.Thearchitectlaid out the interior of the building.设计师设计了这座建筑的内部格局。